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Safety and Reliability of Power Industry

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Vol 14, No 4 (2021)
View or download the full issue PDF (Russian)
https://doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-4

GENERAL ISSUES RELATED TO RELIABILITY AND SAFETY OF THE POWER INDUSTRY

157-164 386
Abstract

The use of modern digital technologies during the industrial revolution enables to revise a number of approaches to the organization of technological processes, in particular when introducing approaches to the implementation of repair programs of energy enterprises. Through the example of the network planning and control system, the use of the overhaul activity schedule for generating equipment is considered, taking into account the logging of asbuilt documentation in a digital system, which is a software and technical complex made up of a centralized data storage system and a decentralized registry. The improvement of equipment, the development of diagnostic tools and methods directly affects the maintenance and repair system. In the maintenance system under development, it is planned to make a transition from statistical empirical assessments of the technical condition of equipment to objective ones based on automated technical diagnostics systems. On the basis of an algorithm for implementing a technical condition-based equipment repair program for energy enterprises, the authors proposed an algorithm for conducting technical supervision and recording the stages of work performed in a distributed register, based on the capabilities of modern digital data collection and processing systems. Obtaining parameter values for further use in the operation of the proposed algorithm is carried out on the basis of the capabilities existing at energy facilities of information-measuring and control systems. The use of the network planning and management system in the form of a network schedule and the algorithm proposed by the authors for conducting technical supervision and recording the stages of work performed during repair activities will make it possible to objectively determine the amount of labor resources necessary to perform the planned scope of work within the specified period, identify critical works delaying the completion of repair, actively manage repair by analyzing the progress of repair work and making reasonable organizational and technical decisions that ensure the performance of work within the planned time frame and at the lowest possible costs.

165-173 338
Abstract

The Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science provided financial support to various technical universities within the framework of the Federal Targeted Program "Research and Development in Priority Areas of Development of the Scientific and Technical Complex of Russia for 2014-2020". At the same time, the Ministry expected "...identifying the areas and developing engineering solutions aimed at improving the thermodynamic and technical-economic efficiency of distributed and small-scale power facilities".
Yet are these expectations always met?
Employees of National Research University MPEI – Academician A. V. Klimenko (research supervisor) and D.Eng., Professor V. S. Agababov (lead researcher), under an agreement with the Ministry of Education and Science No. 14.574.21.0017, carried out research on the subject "Identification of promising areas and the development of engineering solutions aimed at improving the thermodynamic and technical-economic efficiency of distributed and small-scale power generation through the use of trigeneration technology".
The report on the subject was submitted by the researchers to the Ministry of Education and Science in 2016.
However, over the past five years, the researchers have not published a single article based on the results of their research. Repeated appeals of the author of this article to the researchers, the administration of NRU MPEI, the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Education and Science with a request to make the key provisions of the Report public to the scientific community were left without response. Moreover, an article was published in the Argumenty Nedeli newspaper, No. 40 (734) of 14.10.2020, on the issue ("Who will be responsible for science in MPEI?"), in which the newspaper's editorial office appealed to the Ministry of Education and Science with a request to provide for consideration by the scientific community the text of agreement No. 14.574.21.0017 between the Ministry of Education and Science and NRU MPEI, the text of the Report on the Agreement and the text of the commission's act on the implementation of the agreement. The newspaper's editorial office has not received a response to this publication from either the NRU MPEI or the Ministry of Education and Science.
It only became possible to get familiarized with the text of the Report and the results of the research carried out after the researchers filed a statement of claim against the editorial board of the Nadezhnost’ i bezopasnost’ energetiki (Safety & Reliability of Power Industry) journal to the Chertanovo District Court of Moscow for the protection of honor, dignity and business reputation, for compensation for moral damage, and after a court request for reporting materials on the subject of research.
Further, analysis is presented of the main provisions of the Report on the agreement with the Ministry of Education and Science.

174-179 338
Abstract

The goal is to create and test an algorithm for finding places for the optimal replacement of sections of the heating network of the district heating system to maintain the standard values of trouble-free operation with a minimum of financial costs.
Methods. To carry out computer modeling, mathematical methods were used to calculate the flow distribution in branched and looped thermal-hydraulic circuits. A systemic model of the heating network with an indication of the parameters used in the construction of the function of minimum costs, and a method for determining the places of replacement of pipelines of the heating network to maintain the indicator of failure-free operation above the standard have been developed.
Results. An algorithm is proposed to implement the principle of increasing the reliability of district heating networks through the development of a system model of a heating network. As a result of using the technique, a schedule for the optimal replacement of pipelines for the area under consideration over the next 30 years was obtained. It is shown that the proposed complex method of qualitative and quantitative assessment of the efficiency of district heating networks allows one to identify an indicator of failure-free operation, which may be higher than the standard for the entire period of time. It has been established that the optimal timing for replacing individual sections of heating networks is due to the variation of the input parameters of the heating network: the year of laying the pipelines of this system, the year for which the calculation is made, the diameter of the pipeline and its length, the type of pipeline laying and the area of its location, and the output parameters — the costs of maintaining system and the likelihood of system uptime.
Conclusion. Based on the results obtained, a comprehensive method for assessing the cost of maintaining the operability of district heating networks is recommended. It is shown that the proposed method improves the quality of management decisions to ensure trouble-free operation of the heat supply system. In the future, it is planned to develop guidelines for the use of the proposed method in the development of a section of reliability and survivability of promising heat supply schemes for cities and towns.

DESIGN, RESEARCH, CALCULATIONS

180-188 318
Abstract

The system analysis of the current state of quality of functioning of ventilation systems of industrial and public buildings in terms of volumes and modes of fuel and energy resources consumption has been carried out. The analysis of energy efficiency of using a steam-compression heat pump system for utilization of heat of ventilation emissions for heating the supply air has been carried out. Direct-flow ventilation systems with and without the heat pump unit are compared. A mathematical model and a calculation algorithm of the considered ventilation systems are offered. The model can calculate operation modes of one of the arrangement options both with fixed values of parameters affecting the result and with variables, which allows carrying out multivariate calculations and numerical research quickly and with minimum labour inputs. The results of comparative analysis are given on the example of a specific production room. Heat, moisture and air balance data obtained from regulatory documents and reference data, as well as the results of research by other authors are used as source data. Depending on the chosen arrangement, the contents of the calculations and the results obtained are different.
In addition, the developed model allows, depending on the considered arrangement and the need, to obtain a large number of output parameters, such as surface areas of heat exchangers, heat transfer coefficients, all thermophysical properties of working media in all nodal points of the flowing process, etc.
 The principles of a comprehensive approach to assessing the efficiency of ventilation systems based on a system analysis, taking into account the parameters of heat and cold consumers, environmental parameters, the impact of aerodynamic characteristics of the air duct on energy costs and the tariff index in different climatic zones of Russia are substantiated.

189-195 439
Abstract

The effect of wind on the wires of overhead transmission lines leads to their vibration, as well as oscillations of different amplitudes. At places where the wire is suspended, damage to the metal structure of the fatigue type occurs. This is an excessive number of vacancies, dislocations, grain boundaries and blocks compared to the equilibrium one. The defective structure degrades in the direction of the formation of micro-gaps and cracks. The generation and development of the damage zone occurs from the surface of the wire. To prevent a rupture, it is necessary to monitor the development of this zone during the operation of the line without dismantling the wire. To improve the accuracy of assessing the level of accumulation of fatigue damage, the limiting states of the wire, it is recommended to develop methods based on measuring the electrical resistance of the wire material during the development of fatigue damage. A method for monitoring the state of the surface layer by measuring electrical resistance at high frequencies is proposed. The thickness of the controlled layer is determined by the frequency of the measuring signal due to the presence of a surface effect. For effective control, the depth of penetration of the field into the conductor must be commensurate with the thickness of the defective layer. For experimental research, samples were taken of a new wire and wires after various periods of operation on existing lines. According to the results of static tests, the tensile strength and the degree of nonlinearity of the tensile curve were determined. The results of experimental studies of fatigue strength and surface electrical resistance of a separate aluminum wire of A50 conductor are presented. The samples were tested for fatigue under loads close to the conditional endurance limit. The surface resistance of the wires was measured before and after fatigue tests in the frequency range 200 Hz – 2 MHz. The studies have shown the dependence of surface resistance on the degree of development of fatigue damage, which can be used to diagnose the accumulation of fatigue damage.

SOCIOLOGY IN ENERGY INDUSTRY

196-204 359
Abstract

The article is an attempt of structuring the problems in international level intercity communications and substantiating PR tools for creating a business core of relations between cities of different state jurisdictions based on town-twinning through developing energy cooperation and creating a nuclear medicine consortium.
Ways to achieve the goal, which is to create a town-twinning model on the example of the Austrian capital Vienna and the city of Kirov in the Russian Federation are disclosed, along with the presentation of:
– a hypothesis and assessment of opportunities for connecting the city infrastructures with the twinning format based on the subject of high-tech nuclear medicine development promising for both cities;
– a communication model for establishing, by means of integrated strategic communications and PR, intermunicipal twinning between Austrian capital Vienna and the Russian regional city of Kirov based on the historical-memorial platform of a feat by Hero of the Soviet Union N.D. Zakhvataev (native of Kirov region) during the liberation of the Austrian capital from Nazi invaders at the final phase of World War II;
– description of practical implementation of ideas and ways to solve existing communication problems in the organization of the negotiation process between the cities and in the process of direct contacts with the relevant institutions of Kirov and Vienna in general and on a particular subject of establishing a nuclear medicine consortium on the profile resource base of the cities and potential partners.

INFORMATION



ISSN 1999-5555 (Print)
ISSN 2542-2057 (Online)