In article the current state of safety of the nuclear power plants located in the territory of Ukraine is considered. Safety at nuclear power plants is the priority national objective demanding purposeful systematic efforts from the personnel of dangerous productions, specialists of services of nuclear and radiation safety, heads of the industrial enterprises, the research, design and design organizations of branch, experts and the management of GP «NAEK «Energoatom». In article questions of ensuring financing of works on extension of a resource of power units of the NPP which developed the resource, preparation of the operational personnel, carrying out the repair company, radiation safety on nuclear power plants of Ukraine are considered. The main unresolved questions connected with storage of spent nuclear fuel, radioactive waste and carrying out stress tests on the NPP are specified. Information of degree of fullness of storages of the solid and liquid radioactive waste which is at nuclear power plants is provided.

Fundamental principles of a proprietary model representing the reliability of electrical power systems and their associations (UES of Russia, unified power systems) are outlined. The model provides for the analytical determination of main EPS reliability indicators when operating as part of a generation (adequacy) and bulk power systems (transmission reliability) taking into account location of generating capacities and power loads, power modes, dynamic and static stability, and reliable performance of bulk power systems. The calculations result in estimation of the lost load annual average and consumers’ economic loss arising from interruptions in their power supply that serves as a basis for the system reliability improvement.

The feasibility study technique was proposed as concerns the efficiency of integrating the system aimed at detecting deposits on aerial circuits. It was established that icing intensity monitoring (IIM) system integration is an economically feasible activity having a payback period less than one year.

Therefore approximately 40% of emergencies are created by the operating personnel. For intensive training of future NPP operators there is the concept of training "high school-enterprise" at Ivanovo State Power Engineering University in cooperation with Kalinin NPP. The computer and simulation modeling are main components of this concept. Under this concept students also study at the training unit of the station. The mathematical models, the complex of programs and methodological support for simulation of fast and slow transients in nuclear reactors are designed. The programs and methodological support for the simulation on the computer and full-scale simulator of WWER-1000 of neutron-physical reactor measurements and the start-up - shutdown process are designed. The proposed approach allows reducing the adaptation terms for graduates in their workplaces.

The article considers the possibility of using distance learning technology for professional development of masters of electric power grids. Themes and presentation forms of educational material are analyzed here. Subjective importance of training courses on various professional topics is assessed as well. The leading channels of professional knowledge used by masters were also identified. The article shows the account of masters’ psychological qualities for selecting an individual educational pathway.

An alternative was proposed to upgrade the exhaust nozzle of the T-250/300-23.5 serial turbine LPC in order to increase its efficiency in a wide range of modes. The numerical simulation as part of the viscous wet steam model helped to investigate the influence of several design solutions on gas-dynamic and power performance of the exhaust section consisting of the last stage and exhaust nozzle. Design and experimental data were compared.

Analyzed and summarized the results of changes of parameters of transformer oil, characterizing the growth of the processes of oxidation and oil aging during continuous operation. Recommendations for standardization of value of acid number and turbidity of transformer oil for the timely replacement of silica gel in the continuous cleaning filters of transformer oil.

Main works performed when implementing the concept of an integrated approach to the improvement of the steam turbine plant (STP) reliability were stated. The technique of an integrated approach to the collection and processing of data on STP equipment reliability was presented. This technique is based on the information on damages resulted in equipment failures, damages revealed during the routine equipment maintenance, as well as on data concerning equipment faults occurred when operating the STP. There is an implementation example for the technique of defi ning main elements specifying the reliability of a specific unit based on the statistical analysis of STP operating data.

The simulation criteria for the processes of moisture generation and drop growth in high velocity flows in wet steam turbine low-paths as well as for the processes of motion of dispersed liquid or solid particles in the carrier fl ow have been stated. Due to impossibility of holding these criteria during model tests, the transfer of their results to the full-scale conditions can be possible only by using mathematical models that have been tested and verified by simulation testing.

The problem of developing a technique for determination of effective heat supply radius was considered. Main empirical and statistical dependences related to change of total expenses for heat supply system operation when connecting new consumers. The criterion of entering the effective heat supply radius was defined. Main areas were determined as concerns decreasing total expenses for heat supply system operation depending on source power levels.

In the article considered the issues of energy consumption of heat generation systems, by reducing the minor losses in ducts. Presents the options of flow modeling in an elbows and results of numerical investigations of pressure losses in profi led elbows. Reasonability of profiling to ensure a positive effect on the low-grade heat sources of alternative energy resources is shown.

Th e diagram of an expander-generator unit (EGU) for the Syzran Cogeneration Plant was proposed. Th e unit is equipped with two GTRU-4-1.2/0.2-type turbo expanders and two tubular heat exchangers and provided with natural gas preheating upstream its supply to the turbo expander using the heat of air compressed in the turbine compressor of the PGU-200 unit gas-turbine plant. Variation of heat volume consumed for electric power generation was analyzed to estimate the effi ciency of EGU utilization at the Syzran Cogeneration Plant. A complete fi nancial and economic analysis was performed to assess the cost effi ciency of EGU integration into the PGU-200 unit heating circuit of the Syzran Cogeneration Plant.

Redundant system reliability was assessed when feeding from two heat supply sources. Technical and economic calculations were performed in terms of cogeneration system revamping with removing large boiler houses from service and switching their heating load to the cogeneration plant.