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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energsecurity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность и безопасность энергетики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Reliability of Power Industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-5555</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2057</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «НПО Энергобезопасность»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24223/1999-5555-2025-18-1-53-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energsecurity-992</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ, ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, РАСЧЕТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DESIGN, RESEARCH, CALCULATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование охлаждающих покрытий на основе природных материалов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of cooling coatings based on natural materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генбач</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Genbach</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынова, 126</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050013, Almaty, Baitursynov str., 126</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарцев</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondartsev</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынова, 126</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050013, Almaty, Baitursynov str., 126</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.bondartsev@aues.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелгинский</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelginsky</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 11250, Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnokazarmennaya str. 14, 111250, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Алматинский Университет Энергетики и Связи им. Г. Даукеева<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский университет «МЭИ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute»<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Генбач А.А., Бондарцев Д.Ю., Шелгинский А.Я., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Генбач А.А., Бондарцев Д.Ю., Шелгинский А.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Genbach A.A., Bondartsev D.Y., Shelginsky A.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/992">https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/992</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведены исследования предельных тепловых нагрузок для систем охлаждения с покрытиями из природных материалов. Для исследования охлаждающих покрытий на основе природных материалов разработана экспериментальная установка, включающая инструмент для напыления покрытия. Определены основы конструирования камер сгорания, сопел и условия напыления материала на поверхность нагрева. Исследования имеют практическое значение в области предельного состояния парогенерирующей поверхности, защищаемой охлаждением от пережога. Разработаны системы охлаждения, которые позволяют исключить развитие трещин в покрытиях камер и сопел за счет термодинамического и акустического экранов из трех тепловых источников, и устройства для проведения напыления покрытий детонационными высокотемпературными факелами, истекающими из камер сгорания и сопел, охлаждаемых капиллярно-пористыми покрытиями. В исследованиях применялся метод голографии и скоростной киносъёмки. Измерялись тепловые потоки, температуры, расходы, давления потоков жидкости и газа. Построена модель взаимодействия осесимметричной сверхзвуковой детонационной струи газов термоинструмента по нормали к покрытию. Установлены термодинамические характеристики кислородно-керосиновых горелок для генерации ими сверхзвуковых высокотемпературных детонационных факелов при напылении покрытий из порошков природных материалов. Получен гранулометрический состав материалов, подобраны гидродинамические режимы работы горелок в диапазоне плотности тепловых потоков 2·106÷2·107 Вт/м2 от факела струи в покрытие. Коэффициент избытка окислителя варьировался в пределах 0,3÷0,8; температура факела струи 850÷3000°С; длина струи 0÷0,16 м; радиус струи (3÷10)·10–3 м; угол оси горелки к покрытию 90÷0 град. Капиллярно-пористая и проточная системы охлаждения показали высокую надежность, однако первая система позволила сократить в десятки раз (до 80 раз) расход охладителя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Studies of the maximum heating loads for cooling systems coatings made from natural materials have been conducted. To investigate cooling coatings based on natural materials, an experimental setup including a coating spraying tool has been developed. The conditions for spraying the material onto the heating surface, as well as the design principles for nozzles and combustion chambers, have been established. In the area of the steam-generating surface’s limiting state, shielded from burnout by cooling, these investigations are practically significant. Cooling systems with porous coatings have been developed, which make it possible to prevent the development of fractures in the coatings of chambers and nozzles through the use of thermodynamic and acoustic screens from three heating sources, as well as devices for spraying coatings with detonation high-temperature flares emanating from nozzles and combustion chambers that are cooled by capillary-porous coatings. High-speed filming and holography were used during the investigation. Heat fluxes, temperatures, flow rates, and pressures of liquid and gas flows were measured. The degree of unaccounted flow at different pressures was determined. A model of the interaction of an axisymmetric supersonic detonation jet of gases from the thermal tool normal to the coating has been constructed. Thermodynamic characteristics of oxygen-kerosene burners for the generation of supersonic high-temperature detonation flares by spraying of coatings from powders of natural materials have been established, and the granulometric composition of materials has been determined. Hydrodynamic operating modes of the burners were selected for specific heat fluxes in the range of (2·106 ÷ 2·107) W/m2 from the jet torch into the coating. The oxidizer-to-fuel ratio varied between 0.3÷0.8; the jet torch temperature was (850÷3000)°C; the jet length was (0÷0.16) m; the jet radius was (3÷10) ·10-3 m, and the burner axis angle to the coating was (90÷0) degrees. Capillary-porous and flow-through cooling systems showed high reliability, with the former reducing coolant consumption by up to 80 times.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>природные материалы</kwd><kwd>покрытия</kwd><kwd>камера сгорания</kwd><kwd>сопло</kwd><kwd>горелка</kwd><kwd>голография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>natural materials</kwd><kwd>coatings</kwd><kwd>combustion chamber</kwd><kwd>nozzle</kwd><kwd>burner (heating tool)</kwd><kwd>holography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shoukat A. K., Nurettin S., Muammer K. Design, fabrication and nucleate pool-boiling heat transfer performance of hybrid micro-nano scale 2-D modulated porous surfaces. Applied Thermal Engineering. 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