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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energsecurity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность и безопасность энергетики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Reliability of Power Industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-5555</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2057</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «НПО Энергобезопасность»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24223/1999-5555-2024-17-3-181-189</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energsecurity-962</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ НАДЕЖНОСТИ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL ISSUES RELATED TO RELIABILITY AND SAFETY OF THE POWER INDUSTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Создание и исследование численных моделей циклонов  с наклонным и горизонтальным входом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creation and research of numerical models of cyclones with inclined and horizontal inlets</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Красносельская, д. 51, 420066, г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoselskaya str., 51, 420066, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorbunovserega88@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшин</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshin</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Красносельская, д. 51, 420066, г. Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoselskaya str., 51, 420066, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет, кафедра АТЭС</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Energy University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Energy University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>181</fpage><lpage>189</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбунов С.В., Зиганшин М.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбунов С.В., Зиганшин М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbunov S.V., Ziganshin M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/962">https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/962</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются проблемы использования циклонных аппаратов для очистки газовых выбросов при сжигании твердого топлива в энергетике и промышленности. В условиях роста потребления и генерации энергии, в том числе с использованием углей, возрастают требования к эффективности очистки выбросов от мелких твердых частиц классов PM10 , PM2,5 . Одной из ключевых задач является необходимость поддержания высокой эффективности очистки при минимальных энергозатратах, что важно и для сокращения экологических издержек генерации и промышленного производства. Рассмотрены конструктивные особенности применяемых в настоящее время циклонов, а также существующие подходы к их классификации. Основное внимание уделено современным направлениям исследований, связанным с численным моделированием на базе CFD (Computational fluid dynamics), с целью оптимизации конструкций сепараторов. Показано, что большинство исследований проводится для условий работы циклонов в производственных циклах, а не в системах очистки выбросов, работающих при невысоких загрузках взвеси. На примере создания численных моделей циклонов с наклонным и горизонтальным входным патрубком (ЦН-11, СК-ЦН-34) рассмотрены некоторые особенности создания геометрии в среде SpaceClaim Direct Modeler (SCDM), обеспечивающие в дальнейшем корректность генерации сетки и расчетов. Представлены результаты численного моделирования, проведенного с использованием программного обеспечения ANSYS Fluent. Модель турбулентности (RANS, Reynolds Averaged Navier – Stokes), способы замыкания уравнений Навье – Стокса (k-ε модель с пристенными функциями), методы расчета дисперсной части потока (Эйлер – Лагранж, DPM) подобраны с учетом условий, соответствующих системам очистки выбросов углегенерации. Результаты показали, что при одинаковом перепаде давления эффективность осаждения взвеси с концентрацией 100 мг/м3 и менее в аппарате с углом наклона входа 11° к горизонтали может быть выше, чем у аппарата с горизонтальным входом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the challenges of using cyclone devices for cleaning gas emissions from solid fuel combustion in power engineering and industry. With the increasing energy consumption and generation, including the use of coal, the requirements for the efficiency of cleaning emissions from small solid particles of classes PM10 and PM2.5 are also rising. One of the key tasks is to maintain high cleaning efficiency while minimizing energy costs, which is also important for reducing the environmental impact of generation and industrial production. The article considers the design features of currently used cyclones, as well as existing approaches to their classification. The main focus is on modern areas of research related to numerical modeling based on CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) aimed at optimizing the design of separators. It is shown that most studies are carried out for cyclone operating conditions in production cycles, rather than in emission cleaning systems that operate at low suspended matter loads. Using the example of creating numerical models of cyclones with inclined and horizontal inlet pipes (CN-11, SK-CN-34), the article discusses certain features of geometry creation in the SpaceClaim Direct Modeler (SCDM) environment, which ensure the correctness of grid generation and calculations in the future. The results of numerical modeling carried out using the ANSYS Fluent software are presented. The turbulence model (RANS, Reynolds Averaged Navier – Stokes), methods for closing the Navier – Stokes equations (k-ε model with near-wall functions), and methods for calculating the dispersed part of the flow (Euler – Lagrange, DPM) are selected based on the conditions relevant to the systems for cleaning emissions from coal generation. The results indicate that, with the same pressure drop, the efficiency of settling suspended matter with a concentration of 100 mg/m3 or less in an apparatus with an inlet angle of 11° to the horizontal can be higher than that of a cyclone with a horizontal inlet.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Очистные устройства</kwd><kwd>циклонный сепаратор</kwd><kwd>наклонный патрубок</kwd><kwd>вычислительная гидродинамика</kwd><kwd>эффективность очистки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cleaning devices</kwd><kwd>cyclone separator</kwd><kwd>inclined nozzle</kwd><kwd>computational fluid dynamics</kwd><kwd>cleaning efficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зиганшин М. Г., Колесник А. А, Зиганшин А. М. Проектирование аппаратов пылегазоочистки: учебное пособие. Санкт-Петербург: Лань 2022; (2): 544. 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