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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energsecurity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность и безопасность энергетики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Reliability of Power Industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-5555</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2057</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «НПО Энергобезопасность»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24223/1999-5555-2022-15-1-38-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energsecurity-796</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ, ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, РАСЧЕТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DESIGN, RESEARCH, CALCULATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование наноразмерных и микромасштабных структурированных поверхностей охлаждения теплоэнергоустановок</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of nanoscale and microscale structured cooling surfaces of thermal power plants</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генбач</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Genbach</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынова, 126</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050013, Almaty, Baitursynov str., 126</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарцев</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondartsev</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынова, 126,</p><p>d.bondartsev@inbox.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050013, Almaty, Baitursynov str., 126</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.bondartsev@aues.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарцев</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelginsky</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>11250, Москва, ул. Красноказарменная, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnokazarmennaya str. 14, 111250, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алматинский Университет Энергетики и Связи им. Г. Даукеева</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский университет «МЭИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Генбач А.А., Бондарцев Д.Ю., Бондарцев А.Я., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Генбач А.А., Бондарцев Д.Ю., Бондарцев А.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Genbach A.A., Bondartsev D.Y., Shelginsky A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/796">https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/796</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведены исследования кризиса теплообмена в зависимости от избытка охладителя, который определил недогрев и скорость потока, теплофизических свойств поверхности нагрева и выброса капель жидкости из пористой структуры. Разработана модель динамики паровых пузырей, рождающихся на твердой поверхности в пористых структурах и парогенерирующей стенке (подложке). Модель основана на кинофотосьемке скоростной камерой СКС-1М. Отвод высоких тепловых потоков (до 2·106 Вт/м2), обеспечивается совместными действиями капиллярных и массовых сил с применением интенсификаторов. Получены уравнения критических тепловых потоков через термогидравлические характеристики процесса кипения в плетеных пористых структурах. Исследования имеют практическое значение в области предельного состояния парогенерирующей поверхности, защищаемой охлаждением от пережога. Рассмотрены три минеральные среды (туф, гранит, мрамор) гор Заилийского и Джунгарского Алатау вблизи города Алматы (Казахстан). Для исследования пористых термодинамических экранов использовался метод голографической интерферометрии. Изучалось напряженное и деформированное состояние образцов. Моделирование акустического поля взрывной волны с помощью термодинамического поля, созданного тремя тепловыми источниками, показало его высокую эффективность. Созданный мощный тепловой экран за счет генерации полей деформаций и термических напряжений является препятствием для распространения отраженной взрывной волны, вызывающей возникновение и развитие разрушительных трещин. Разработаны наноразмерные и микромасштабные структурированные поверхности в виде покрытий и сетчатых структур, которые дают интегрированный эффект промышленных сеток с покрытиями из природных (естественных) минеральных сред и имеют синергетические преимущества объединения этих двух разработок в интегрированную технологию их изготовления, расширением критических тепловых нагрузок и управлением предельным состоянием пористых покрытий. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Studies were conducted of the heat exchange crisis depending on the coolant excess (which determined the underheating and flow rate), the thermal-physical properties of the heating surface, and the ejection of liquid droplets from the porous structure. A model of dynamics of vapor bubbles born on the solid surface in porous structures and the vapor-generating wall (substrate) has been developed. The model is based on cinematography with an SKS-1M speed camera. The removal of high heat flows (up to 2·106 W/m2) is provided through the joint action of capillary and mass forces with the use of intensifiers. Equations are obtained of critical heat flows through the thermohydraulic characteristics of the boiling process in woven porous structures. The research is of practical importance in the limiting state region of the steam-generating surface protected by cooling from overburning. Three mineral media (tuff, granite, marble) of Zaili and Dzungarian Alatau mountains near the city of Almaty (Kazakhstan) were considered. The method of holographic interferometry was used to study porous thermodynamic screens. The stress and deformed state of the samples was studied. Simulation of the acoustic field of the blast wave with th e thermodynamic field created by three thermal sources has shown its high efficiency. The created powerful thermal screen, due to the generation of strain and thermal stress fields, is an obstacle to the propagation of the reflected blast wave, causing the emergence and development of destructive cracks. Nanoscale and microscale structured surfaces in the form of coatings and mesh structures have been developed, which give an integrated effect of industrial meshes with natural mineral media coatings and have synergistic advantages of combining these two developments in an integrated technology of their production, expansion of critical thermal loads and management of the limiting state of porous coatings.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>капиллярно-пористые покрытия и структуры</kwd><kwd>термодинамический экран</kwd><kwd>камера сгорания</kwd><kwd>сопло</kwd><kwd>кризис кипения</kwd><kwd>голография</kwd><kwd>интерферограммы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>capillary-porous coatings and structures</kwd><kwd>thermodynamic screen</kwd><kwd>combustion chamber</kwd><kwd>nozzle</kwd><kwd>boiling crisis</kwd><kwd>holography</kwd><kwd>interferograms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie Jian, et al. 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