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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energsecurity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность и безопасность энергетики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Reliability of Power Industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-5555</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2057</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «НПО Энергобезопасность»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-1-69-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energsecurity-750</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ, ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, РАСЧЕТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DESIGN, RESEARCH, CALCULATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу о возникновении пожароопасных ситуаций  при несимметричном электропотреблении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the issue of occurrence of fire-hazardous situations with  unbalanced power consumption</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лермонтова 83, 664074, г. Иркутск</p><p>пос. Молодежный 1/1, 664038, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>83 Lermontov str., 664074, Irkutsk</p><p>village Youth 1/1, 664038, Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">professornaumov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лермонтова 83, 664074, г. Иркутск</p><p>ул. Лермонтова 130, 664058, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>83 Lermontov str., 664074, Irkutsk</p><p>130 Lermontov str., 664058, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет»; ФГБОУ «Иркутский государственный аграрный университет им. А. А. Ежевского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk national research technical University; Irkutsk state agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет»; ФГБ «Институт систем энергетики им. Л. А. Мелентьева СО РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk national research technical University; Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Наумов И.В., Карамов Д.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумов И.В., Карамов Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumov I.V., Karamov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/750">https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/750</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрено влияние несимметрии фазных токов на вероятность возникновения пожароопасных ситуаций в производственных помещениях, получающих питание в различных системах электроснабжения. Изложены теоретические предпосылки возникновения пожароопасных ситуаций. Показано, что потоки нулевой последовательности, протекающие по нейтральному проводнику в несимметричном режиме, значительно его нагревают, что может привести к коротким замыканиям и условиям для возникновения пожаров. Приведены результаты исследований несимметричных режимов в России и за рубежом. Показано, что возникающие при несимметрии токов потоки нулевой последовательности приводят к увеличению дополнительных потерь активной мощности и электрической энергии. Доказано, что дополнительные тепловые потери, обусловленные несимметричным электропотреблением, могут разрушать изоляцию нейтрального и фазного проводников, что является основной причиной коротких замыканий и, как следствие, пожаров. На основании использования графического редактора Matlabпостроены динамические характеристики изменения фазных и междуфазных токов и напряжений, а также коэффициента потерь мощности, характеризующего увеличение тепловых потерь. Произведен анализ пожаров и их последствий для различных объектов в Российской Федерации. Разработан вычислительный аппарат в системе Matlab, с помощью которого произведен расчет и построены графики зависимостей динамики пожаров и их последствий за исследованный промежуток времени. Показано, что возникновение пожаров и их последствия из-за нарушения правил эксплуатации электроустановок происходит в любых помещениях и иногда достигает более 20% от всех возможных причин возникновения пожаров. Рассмотрены способы и технические средства минимизации токов нулевой последовательности как средства предотвращения возникновения пожароопасных ситуаций. Описан принцип действия автоматически-управляемого шунто-симметрирующего устройства с минимальным сопротивлением токам нулевой последовательности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The influence of phase current unbalance on the probability of occurrence of fire-hazardous situations in industrial premises that receive power in various power supply systems is considered. The theoretical prerequisites for the occurrence of fire-hazardous situations are described. It is shown that zero-sequence flows flowing through a neutral conductor in an unbalanced mode significantly heat it, which can lead to short circuits and conditions for the occurrence of fires. The results of studies of unbalanced conditions in Russia and abroad are presented. It is shown that the zero-sequence flows resulting from current unbalance lead to an increase in additional losses of active power and electrical energy. It is proved that additional heat losses caused by unbalanced power consumption can destroy the insulation of neutral and phase conductors, which is the main cause of short circuits and, as a result, fires. Based on the use of the Matlab graphical editor, dynamic characteristics of variations in phase and interphase currents and voltages, as well as the power loss coefficient, which characterizes the increase in heat losses, are constructed. The analysis of fires and their consequences for various objects in the Russian Federation is made. A computational unit has been developed in Matlab, which is used for calculating and plotting the dynamics of fires and their consequences over the investigated period of time. It is shown that the occurrence of fires and their consequences due to violations of the rules of operation of electrical installations occurs in any premises and sometimes reaches more than 20% of all possible causes of fires. Methods and technical means of minimizing zero-sequence currents as a means of preventing the occurrence of fire-hazardous situations are considered. The principle of operation of an automatically controlled shunt-symmetric device with a minimum resistance to zero-sequence currents is described.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пожар</kwd><kwd>несимметрия фазных токов</kwd><kwd>коэффициент дополнительных потерь мощности</kwd><kwd>симметрирующее устройство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fire</kwd><kwd>phase current unbalance</kwd><kwd>additional power loss factor</kwd><kwd>balancing device</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brushlinsky N. N., Ahrens M. A., Sokolov S. V., Wagner P. World Fier Statistics // CTIF. International association of fier and rescue services. 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