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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energsecurity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность и безопасность энергетики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Reliability of Power Industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-5555</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2057</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «НПО Энергобезопасность»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24223/1999-5555-2020-13-4-282-289</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energsecurity-729</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ, РАСЧЕТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENGINEERING, RESEARCH AND CALCULATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование загрузки силовых трансформаторов в системах сельского электроснабжения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of power transformer loading in rural power supply systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лермонтова 83, 664074, г. Иркутск;</p><p>пос. Молодежный 1/1, 664038, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>83 Lermontov str., 664074, Irkutsk;</p><p>village Youth 1/1, 664038, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карамов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karamov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Лермонтова 83, 664074, г. Иркутск;</p><p>ул. Лермонтова 130, 664058, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>83 Lermontov str., 664074, Irkutsk;</p><p>130 Lermontov str., 664058, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьяков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretyakov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пос. Молодежный 1/1, 664038, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>village Youth 1/1, 664038, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якупова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakupova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пос. Молодежный 1/1, 664038, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>village Youth 1/1, 664038, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоринова</surname><given-names>Э. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorinovа</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пос. Молодежный 1/1, 664038, г. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>village Youth 1/1, 664038, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет»;&#13;
ФГБОУ «Иркутский государственный аграрный университет им. А. А. Ежевского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk national research technical University;&#13;
Irkutsk state agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет»;&#13;
ФГБ «Институт систем энергетики им. Л. А. Мелентьева СО РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk national research technical University;&#13;
Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Иркутский государственный аграрный университет им. А. А. Ежевского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk state agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>282</fpage><lpage>289</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Наумов И.В., Карамов Д.Н., Третьяков А.Н., Якупова М.А., Федоринова Э.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумов И.В., Карамов Д.Н., Третьяков А.Н., Якупова М.А., Федоринова Э.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumov I.V., Karamov D.N., Tretyakov A.N., Yakupova M.A., Fedorinovа E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/729">https://www.sigma08.ru/jour/article/view/729</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью настоящего исследования является изучение влияния загрузки силовых трансформаторов (СТ) при их непрерывном использовании, на их энергоэффективность на реальном примере действующих сельских электрических сетей. Отмечается, что подавляющее большинство СТ в сельских районах имеет очень низкий коэффициент загрузки, что приводит к увеличению удельных потерь электрической энергии при ее передаче различным потребителям. Предполагается оптимизировать существующие синхронизированные системы электроснабжения сельских территорий путем создания новых проектов электроснабжения таким образом, чтобы интегрировать существующие источники питания и обеспечить наиболее эффективную загрузку силовых трансформаторов для последующего перевода этих систем в изолированные, получающие питание от средств распределенной генерации. В качестве примера используются данные электросетевой компании по загрузке силовых трансформаторов одного из районов Иркутской области. Рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с определением потерь электрической энергии в сельских СТ при различных численных значениях их коэффициентов загрузки. Разработан вычислительный аппарат с применением современных средств программирования в системе MATLAB, с помощью которого произведен расчет и построены графики зависимости потерь электроэнергии в трансформаторах различной мощности от фактического и рекомендуемого коэффициентов загрузки, а также зависимости удельных потерь при транзите 1 кВА мощности через силовой трансформатор при фактическом, рекомендуемом и оптимальном коэффициентах загрузки. Произведен анализ удельных потерь электрической энергии при фактическом, рекомендуемом и оптимальном коэффициентах загрузки СТ. На основании анализа предложены интервалы оптимальных коэффициентов загрузки для различной номинальной мощности СТ сельских распределительных электрических сетей. Отмечается, что для увеличения энергоэффективности СТ необходимо снижение потерь холостого хода за счет повышения их загрузки, что может быть достигнуто сокращением числа трансформаторов с одновременным изменением конфигурации распределительных сетей 0,38 кВ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this study is to study the effect of loading power transformers (PT) in their continuous use on their energy efficiency on a real-life example of existing rural electric networks. It is noted that the vast majority of PT in rural areas have a very low load factor, which leads to an increase in specific losses of electric energy when this is transmitted to various consumers. It is planned to optimize the existing synchronized power supply systems in rural areas by creating new power supply projects in such a way as to integrate existing power sources and ensure the most efficient loading of power transformers for the subsequent transfer of these systems to isolated ones that receive power from distributed generation facilities. As an example, we use data from an electric grid company on loading power transformers in one of the districts of the Irkutsk region. Issues related to the determination of electric energy losses in rural PT at different numerical values of their load factors are considered. A computing device was developed using modern programming tools in the MATLAB system, which has been used to calculate and plot the dependence of power losses in transformers of various capacities on the actual and recommended load factors, as well as the dependence of specific losses during the transit of 1 kVA of power through a power transformer at the actual, recommended and optimal load factors. The analysis of specific losses of electric energy at the actual, recommended and optimal load factors of PT is made. Based on the analysis, the intervals of optimal load factors for different rated power of PT of rural distribution electric networks are proposed. It is noted that to increase the energy efficiency of PT, it is necessary to reduce idling losses by increasing the load of these transformers, which can be achieved by reducing the number of transformers while changing the configuration of 0.38 kV distribution networks.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сельские электрические сети</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность силовых трансформаторов</kwd><kwd>коэффициент загрузки</kwd><kwd>удельные потери электроэнергии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rural electric networks</kwd><kwd>energy efficiency of power transformers</kwd><kwd>load factor</kwd><kwd>specific power losses</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Power Transformers – Introduction to measurement of losses. Document published: August 2016 Lead author of this document: Angelo Baggini (ECD) Project coordinator: WIP. 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